Blockchain as Global State Machine for Contracts

Challenge: How do parties coordinate contract execution when:
  ✅ Each party uses different software (Salesforce vs SAP vs custom)
  ✅ Each party has different tech stacks (.NET vs Java vs Python)
  ✅ Each party has strict security policies (no shared databases)
  ✅ Parties don't trust each other (competitors, strangers)
  ✅ Parties are globally distributed (different jurisdictions)
  ✅ No central authority exists (peer-to-peer)
  ✅ Privacy must be preserved (sensitive documents)

Traditional solutions: ALL FAIL
  ❌ Cloud SaaS: Privacy policies prohibit
  ❌ Shared database: No one trusts it
  ❌ Email/phone: Not automated, error-prone
  ❌ APIs: Require integration with every counterparty
  ❌ Standards bodies: Too slow, not enforced

Blockchain = Global State Machine

State:
  ├─ Document registrations (integraHash → DocumentRecord)
  ├─ Token ownership (who holds what)
  ├─ Attestations (who's authorized)
  ├─ Payment signals (who owes what)
  └─ Events (what happened when)

Properties:
  ✅ Globally accessible (anyone can read)
  ✅ Immutable (cannot be changed)
  ✅ Trustless (no central authority)
  ✅ Real-time (instant state updates)
  ✅ Event-driven (automation triggers)
  ✅ Software-agnostic (any tech can read)

Result: Ad hoc coordination across unlimited parties

Application → Database → State
  ├─ Controlled by one party
  ├─ Private (only app can access)
  └─ Trusted (must trust owner)

Any Application → Blockchain → Global State
  ├─ No single controller (decentralized)
  ├─ Public (anyone can read)
  ├─ Trustless (cryptographically verified)
  └─ Software-agnostic (any tech stack)

State: integraHash → DocumentRecord
  ├─ owner: address
  ├─ documentHash: bytes32 (content proof)
  ├─ tokenizer: address
  ├─ resolvers: bytes32[]
  ├─ executor: address
  └─ timestamps: uint256
 
Global question answered:
  "What is the current state of document 0xABC...?"
  → Owner: 0x123..., Tokenizer: OwnershipTokenizerV7, Registered: 1700000000

State: integraHash + tokenId → TokenRecord
  ├─ holder: address
  ├─ amount: uint256
  ├─ status: enum (reserved, claimed, transferred)
  └─ metadata: custom per tokenizer
 
Global question answered:
  "Who holds the tokens for document 0xABC...?"
  → Token #1: Alice (0xAAA...), Token #2: Bob (0xBBB...)

State: attestationUID → Attestation
  ├─ recipient: address
  ├─ capabilities: uint256
  ├─ valid: bool
  └─ expiration: uint64
 
Global question answered:
  "Is address 0xBBB... authorized to claim token #2?"
  → Yes, attestation 0xATT... grants CLAIM capability

State: requestId → PaymentRequest
  ├─ requestor: address + tokenId
  ├─ payer: address + tokenId
  ├─ amount: encrypted
  ├─ status: enum (pending, paid, expired)
  └─ deadline: uint256
 
Global question answered:
  "Does tenant owe rent for document 0xLEASE...?"
  → Yes, request #456 pending, due in 5 days

Events: Immutable log of all state changes
  ├─ DocumentRegistered
  ├─ TokenClaimed
  ├─ OwnershipTransferred
  ├─ PaymentRequested
  └─ All include: integraHash, processHash, timestamp
 
Global question answered:
  "What's the complete history of document 0xABC...?"
  → Full audit trail from registration to current state

Salesforce (Apex):
  ├─ Reads: Document state via Web3 API
  ├─ Writes: New documents via smart contract call
  └─ Monitors: Events via webhook/polling

SAP (ABAP):
  ├─ Reads: Token ownership via RPC
  ├─ Writes: Token reservations via executor
  └─ Correlates: ProcessHash to ERP workflow

SharePoint (.NET):
  ├─ Reads: Payment signals via Graph API
  ├─ Writes: Payment confirmations
  └─ Displays: Document verification status

Custom Python App:
  ├─ Reads: Full state via ethers.py
  ├─ Writes: Attestations via EAS
  └─ Processes: Events via WebSocket

Mobile App (Swift/Kotlin):
  ├─ Reads: User's tokens via RPC
  ├─ Writes: Token claims via WalletConnect
  └─ Displays: Trust score from indexer

Each party uses incompatible software
No shared database possible (jurisdictions)
No API integrations (too many parties)
Manual coordination only

// 1. Title company registers deed (any software)
const integraHash = await documentRegistry.registerDocument(
    deedHash,
    encryptedRef,
    ownershipTokenizer,
    titleCompanyExecutor,
    processHash,
    ...
);
// State update: Global blockchain now knows document exists
 
// 2. Seller (German software) monitors state
germanRealEstateSystem.watchBlockchain({
    onDocumentRegistered: (integraHash) => {
        // Display: "Your property is registered"
        // Update local DB with integraHash
    }
});
 
// 3. Escrow service (Swiss banking software) checks state
swissBankingSystem.checkDocumentState(integraHash);
// Reads: Owner, status, payment requirements
// No integration with title company needed
 
// 4. Buyer (US software) reserves token
usRealEstateSoftware.reservePropertyToken(integraHash);
// Executor calls contract on behalf of buyer
// State update: Global blockchain shows reservation
 
// 5. All parties monitor SAME state
germanSystem.getState(integraHash);  // Same state
usSystem.getState(integraHash);      // Same state
swissSystem.getState(integraHash);   // Same state
notarySystem.getState(integraHash);  // Same state
 
// No direct integration between ANY of these systems
// All read same global state machine

// Manufacturer registers bill of lading
oracleERP.createShipment(shipmentId) {
    const bolHash = await integra.registerDocument(
        billOfLadingHash,
        encryptedRef,
        multiPartyTokenizer,
        oracleExecutor,
        processHash,
        ...
    );
 
    // Reserve tokens for supply chain parties
    await tokenizer.reserveToken(integraHash, 1, distributor, 1, processHash);
    await tokenizer.reserveToken(integraHash, 2, retailer, 1, processHash);
    await tokenizer.reserveToken(integraHash, 3, logistics, 1, processHash);
}
 
// Distributor (SAP) monitors global state
sapSystem.pollBlockchainState() {
    const events = await getEventsByProcessHash(processHash);
 
    for (event of events) {
        if (event.type === "TokenReserved" && event.recipient === ourAddress) {
            // Update SAP: Shipment incoming
            updateInventorySystem(event.integraHash);
        }
    }
}
 
// Logistics (custom system) claims custody token
logisticsSystem.acceptShipment(bolHash) {
    await tokenizer.claimToken(bolHash, 3, attestation, processHash);
    // Global state updated: Logistics has custody
}
 
// Retailer (Dynamics) monitors custody changes
dynamicsSystem.watchCustodyChanges() {
    tokenizer.on("TokenClaimed", (integraHash, tokenId, claimant) => {
        if (tokenId === 3) {  // Logistics token
            // Update Dynamics: In transit
            updateShipmentStatus(integraHash, "IN_TRANSIT");
        }
    });
}
 
// No integration between Oracle, SAP, Dynamics, or custom system
// All coordinate via global blockchain state

// Law Firm A registers settlement agreement
clioSystem.registerAgreement(caseId) {
    const agreementHash = await integra.registerDocument(
        settlementAgreementHash,
        encryptedRef,
        multiPartyTokenizer,
        lawFirmAExecutor,
        processHash,
        ...
    );
 
    // Reserve tokens for all parties
    await reserve(agreementHash, 1, lawFirmB_ephemeral);
    await reserve(agreementHash, 2, lawFirmC_ephemeral);
    await reserve(agreementHash, 3, client_ephemeral);
}
 
// Law Firm B (MyCase) monitors global state
myCaseSystem.monitorAgreements() {
    const pendingClaims = await queryPendingTokensFor(ourEphemeral);
 
    // Shows: "You have pending agreement claim"
    // No need to know about Clio system
}
 
// Client (DocuSign) claims their token
docuSignSystem.finalizeAgreement(agreementHash) {
    await tokenizer.claimToken(agreementHash, 3, attestation, processHash);
    // Global state: Client has agreed
}
 
// Court system monitors completion
courtSystem.watchAgreementCompletion() {
    multiPartyTokenizer.on("DocumentComplete", (integraHash) => {
        // All parties claimed → Agreement fully executed
        // Update court records
        updateCaseStatus(integraHash, "SETTLED");
    });
}
 
// Each system uses different tech
// No direct integration needed
// All coordinate via global blockchain state

Party A ←→ Party B integration
Party A ←→ Party C integration
Party A ←→ Party D integration
Party B ←→ Party C integration
Party B ←→ Party D integration
Party C ←→ Party D integration

With N parties: N*(N-1)/2 integrations required
  5 parties = 10 integrations
  10 parties = 45 integrations
  100 parties = 4,950 integrations

Result: Impossible at scale

Party A → Blockchain ← Party B
Party C → Blockchain ← Party D
Party E → Blockchain ← Party F

With N parties: N integrations (to blockchain only)
  5 parties = 5 integrations
  10 parties = 10 integrations
  100 parties = 100 integrations
  1,000,000 parties = 1,000,000 integrations

Result: Linear scaling, ad hoc coordination

integraHash → Universal identifier for document state
 
Any party, any software can:
  ✅ Query: "What's the state of document 0xABC...?"
  ✅ Update: "I'm claiming token #2 for document 0xABC..."
  ✅ Monitor: "Alert me when document 0xABC... changes"
  ✅ Verify: "Is document 0xABC... the same as my copy?"

integraHash → Tokenizer → ERC tokens
 
Enables:
  ✅ Standard wallet integration (MetaMask, Ledger)
  ✅ Standard marketplace compatibility (OpenSea)
  ✅ DeFi composability (collateral, lending)
  ✅ Role representation (buyer, seller, guarantor)
  ✅ Economic interest tracking

processHash → Links on-chain events to off-chain workflows
 
Enables:
  ✅ CRM correlation (Salesforce workflow #12345)
  ✅ ERP correlation (SAP purchase order #67890)
  ✅ Multi-step tracking (query all events for workflow)
  ✅ Cross-chain coordination (same processHash, multiple chains)
  ✅ Audit trails (link on-chain and off-chain records)

EAS attestations → Decentralized permission grants
 
Enables:
  ✅ Off-chain identity verification
  ✅ On-chain authorization proof
  ✅ Cross-system capability grants
  ✅ Revocable permissions
  ✅ No central auth server needed

integraHash → Resolvers → Custom services
 
Enables:
  ✅ Compliance automation (per document)
  ✅ Lifecycle management (expiry, renewal)
  ✅ Payment automation (rent, royalties)
  ✅ Custom business logic (unlimited)
  ✅ No core contract changes

Blockchain events → Trigger off-chain automation
 
Enables:
  ✅ Real-time notifications
  ✅ Workflow automation
  ✅ Cross-system triggers
  ✅ Audit logging
  ✅ State synchronization

// Real Estate Agent (using Zillow/Realtor.com)
class RealEstateAgentSystem {
    async listProperty(property) {
        // Register property document
        const integraHash = await documentRegistry.registerDocument(
            propertyDeedHash,
            encryptedRef,
            ownershipTokenizer,
            agentExecutor,
            processHash,
            ...
        );
 
        // Global state updated: Property listed
        // Now visible to ALL participants globally
    }
 
    async monitorGlobalMarket() {
        // Watch for new listings across ALL agents globally
        documentRegistry.on("DocumentRegistered", (integraHash, owner) => {
            // Any property registered by any agent
            // Automatically visible in our system
            addToMarketListings(integraHash);
        });
    }
}
 
// Title Company (using different title software)
class TitleCompanySystem {
    async monitorNewListings() {
        // Watches same global state
        // No integration with real estate agent systems needed
        documentRegistry.on("DocumentRegistered", async (integraHash) => {
            // Run title search
            const titleStatus = await runTitleSearch(integraHash);
 
            // Update global state with title status
            await titleResolver.updateTitleStatus(
                integraHash,
                titleStatus
            );
        });
    }
}
 
// Bank (using loan origination system)
class BankLoanSystem {
    async monitorApplications() {
        // Watches for token reservations (purchase commitments)
        ownershipTokenizer.on("TokenReserved", async (integraHash, buyer) => {
            // Check buyer's trust score (global state)
            const trustScore = await getTrustScore(buyer);
 
            if (trustScore >= 7) {
                // Pre-approve loan
                // Send payment signal (global state update)
                await integraSignal.sendPaymentRequest(
                    integraHash,
                    bankTokenId,
                    buyerTokenId,
                    buyer,
                    encryptedLoanTerms,
                    ...
                );
            }
        });
    }
}
 
// Escrow Service (using escrow platform)
class EscrowSystem {
    async monitorTransactions() {
        // Watches payment signals globally
        integraSignal.on("PaymentRequested", async (requestId, integraHash) => {
            // Check if we're escrow agent
            const executor = await documentRegistry.getDocumentExecutor(integraHash);
 
            if (executor === ourEscrowContract) {
                // Hold funds
                // Monitor payment completion
                // Release on conditions met
            }
        });
    }
}
 
// Result: 1,800+ organizations coordinating seamlessly
// Zero direct integrations between systems
// All via global blockchain state machine

Provide: Smart contract for specific use case
Example: "Here's a NFT contract"
Integration: Developer figures out how to use it
Coordination: Limited to that specific contract

Provides: Complete coordination infrastructure
  ├─ Document identity (foundation)
  ├─ Multiple tokenization models (flexibility)
  ├─ Authorization system (security)
  ├─ Workflow correlation (integration)
  ├─ Privacy architecture (compliance)
  └─ Extensibility (customization)

Result: Build ANY real-world contract automation

// Any landlord's system can create rent request
propertyManagementSystem.createRentRequest(leaseHash) {
    await integraSignal.sendPaymentRequest(
        leaseHash,
        landlordTokenId,
        tenantTokenId,
        tenantAddress,
        encryptedPaymentDetails,
        ...
    );
    // Global state: Rent requested
}
 
// Any tenant's app can detect and pay
tenantMobileApp.checkPendingPayments() {
    const requests = await integraSignal.getRequestsByPayer(myAddress);
 
    for (request of requests) {
        // Decrypt payment details
        const details = decrypt(request.encryptedPayload, myKey);
 
        // Display: "Rent due: $2,500"
        // User pays via their preferred method
    }
}
 
// Any payment processor can confirm
paymentProcessorSystem.confirmPayment(requestId) {
    await integraSignal.markPaid(
        requestId,
        paymentProofHash,
        processHash
    );
    // Global state: Payment confirmed
}
 
// Landlord's system automatically notified
propertyManagement.on("PaymentConfirmed", (requestId) => {
    // Update records: Rent received
    // No integration with tenant's app
    // No integration with payment processor
});
 
// 60,100 parties coordinating without any direct integrations

// Patient (any health app) grants access
healthApp.grantProviderAccess(doctorAddress) {
    await accessTokenizer.reserveToken(
        medicalRecordHash,
        doctorTokenId,
        doctorEphemeralWallet,
        1,
        processHash
    );
    // Global state: Doctor authorized
}
 
// Doctor (any EMR system) checks authorization
anyEMRSystem.checkPatientAuthorization(patientId) {
    const tokens = await accessTokenizer.tokensOf(ourEphemeralWallet);
 
    // Shows all patients we're authorized to access
    // Works regardless of which health app patient uses
}
 
// Insurance (any claims system) verifies treatment
insuranceSystem.verifyTreatmentAuthorization(claimId) {
    const authorized = await accessTokenizer.balanceOf(
        doctorAddress,
        patientRecordHash
    );
 
    // ✅ Doctor was authorized
    // Approve claim
    // No integration with patient's app
    // No integration with doctor's EMR
}
 
// 11,100+ parties coordinating via global state

// Get document state
const docState = await documentRegistry.getDocumentInfo(integraHash);
// Returns: owner, documentHash, tokenizer, resolvers, timestamps
 
// Get token state
const tokenHolder = await tokenizer.ownerOf(tokenId);
const balance = await tokenizer.balanceOf(address, integraHash);
 
// Get authorization state
const attestation = await eas.getAttestation(attestationUID);
const isValid = await eas.isAttestationValid(attestationUID);
 
// Get payment state
const request = await integraSignal.getRequest(requestId);
const isPaid = (request.status === PAID);

// Document owner updates resolvers
await documentRegistry.addAdditionalResolver(integraHash, resolverId);
// Global state: Resolver added
 
// Executor reserves tokens
await tokenizer.reserveToken(integraHash, tokenId, recipient, amount, processHash);
// Global state: Token reserved
 
// Token holder transfers
await tokenizer.transferFrom(from, to, tokenId);
// Global state: Ownership changed
 
// Authorized party sends payment signal
await integraSignal.sendPaymentRequest(...);
// Global state: Payment requested

// Real-time monitoring
documentRegistry.on("DocumentRegistered", handler);
tokenizer.on("TokenClaimed", handler);
integraSignal.on("PaymentRequested", handler);
 
// Polling for batch processing
const events = await contract.queryFilter(filter, fromBlock, toBlock);
 
// WebSocket subscriptions
const subscription = await provider.on({
    address: contractAddress,
    topics: [eventSignature]
}, handler);
 
// Webhook integration (via indexer)
POST /api/webhooks/register {
    contractAddress: "0x...",
    event: "TokenClaimed",
    callbackURL: "https://myapp.com/webhook",
    filter: { integraHash: "0xABC..." }
}

Previous thinking: Privacy XOR Coordination
  - Either share everything (coordination, no privacy)
  - Or share nothing (privacy, no coordination)

Integra: Privacy AND Coordination
  - Share proofs and identifiers (coordination enabled)
  - Keep data private (privacy preserved)
  - Use blockchain as state machine (global agreement)

Coordination possible: 10
Value: Useful

Coordination possible: 1,000
Value: Powerful

Coordination possible: 1,000,000
Value: Transformative

Network effects:
  ✅ More participants = more potential coordination
  ✅ More documents = more shared state
  ✅ More automation = more efficiency
  ✅ More trust credentials = better reputation data
  ✅ More resolvers = more capabilities

Real Estate + Banking + Insurance + Legal:
  - Deed registration (real estate system)
  - Mortgage approval (banking system)
  - Title insurance (insurance system)
  - Legal review (law firm system)
  ↓
  All coordinate via integraHash
  No integrations between industries needed

Healthcare + Insurance + Pharmacy + Labs:
  - Treatment authorization (EMR)
  - Claim approval (insurance)
  - Prescription fulfillment (pharmacy)
  - Lab results (lab system)
  ↓
  All coordinate via patient record integraHash
  Each party uses their own software

Supply Chain + Logistics + Customs + Retail:
  - Manufacturing (ERP)
  - Shipping (logistics)
  - Customs clearance (government)
  - Retail delivery (POS)
  ↓
  All track via bill of lading integraHash
  Global visibility, private details

// When document registered in System A
// Automatically trigger workflow in System B
// No direct integration between A and B
// Both watch global state
 
systemA.registerDocument() → Blockchain state change
                              ↓
systemB.watchBlockchain()   ← Detects change, triggers workflow

// 5 parties must approve (each using different software)
// Global state tracks approvals
// Automatically executes when threshold met
 
party1System.approve() → State: 1/5 approved
party2System.approve() → State: 2/5 approved
party3System.approve() → State: 3/5 approved
party4System.approve() → State: 4/5 approved
party5System.approve() → State: 5/5 approved → AUTO-EXECUTE

// Complex workflows across organizations
IF document registered (any system)
  AND all parties claimed tokens (any wallets)
  AND compliance check passed (any compliance provider)
  AND payment received (any payment processor)
  THEN execute contract (automatic)
  AND issue trust credentials (automatic)
  AND notify all parties (any notification system)

// No central escrow service needed
// Global state coordinates release conditions
 
escrowContract.holdFunds() → State: Funds held
buyer.claimToken()         → State: Buyer claimed
seller.confirmDelivery()   → State: Delivered
                             ↓
escrowContract.detectConditionsMet() → Auto-release funds
 
// All parties using different software
// No trust in central escrow
// Global state ensures fairness

// Party in USA (using US software)
usSystem.registerDocument(integraHash);
 
// Party in Japan (using Japanese software)
jpSystem.detectRegistration(integraHash);
jpSystem.claimToken(integraHash, tokenId);
 
// Party in Germany (using German software)
deSystem.detectClaim(integraHash);
deSystem.sendPaymentSignal(integraHash);
 
// Party in UK (using UK software)
ukSystem.detectPayment(integraHash);
ukSystem.confirmReceipt(integraHash);
 
// Global coordination across jurisdictions
// Each party uses local software
// Blockchain state machine coordinates

Private contract automation = IMPOSSIBLE at scale

Reasons:
  ❌ No shared database (privacy/security policies)
  ❌ No common software (everyone uses different systems)
  ❌ No trust (parties are competitors/strangers)
  ❌ Too many integrations (N² problem)
  ❌ Manual processes only
  ❌ Limited to same-software parties

Private contract automation = ENABLED globally

How:
  ✅ Blockchain = shared state machine (no central database)
  ✅ Software-agnostic (works with any tech stack)
  ✅ Trustless (cryptographic verification)
  ✅ Linear scaling (N integrations, not N²)
  ✅ Automated workflows (event-driven)
  ✅ Works with anyone (ad hoc coordination)

+ Privacy preserved (proofs, not content)

Just smart contracts:
  - Here's a registry contract
  - Here's a token contract
  - Figure out how to coordinate
  Result: Developer burden, limited adoption

Integra complete platform:
  - Document identity (foundation)
  - Token bindings (11 types, standard ERCs)
  - Authorization (EAS integration)
  - Workflow correlation (processHash)
  - Privacy architecture (encrypted, ephemeral, hashed)
  - Extensibility (resolvers)
  - Automation (executors, events)
  Result: Plug and play, massive adoption possible